| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
A |
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Administrator |
See system administrator. |
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AppLogic
Object
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A set
of programming instructions that accomplish a |
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well-defined, modular task within the application. AppLogic objects run on the Netscape Application Server and are managed and hosted by it. Typically, an application includes several to many AppLogics, which can be deployed across many servers. These AppLogics provide some or all of the procedural, or logic, portion of the application. Each AppLogic object is derived, directly or indirectly, from the Netscape Application Server Foundation Class Library. Related terms: base class; object-oriented programming; server; subclass |
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Aggregate
Expression
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An expression in a query that summarizes values from one database column across several rows. You can use |
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aggregate expressions to specify computed fields. The aggregate functions available depend on your database server, but those typically supported are Min( ), Max( ), Count( ), Avg( ), Sum( ), First( ), and Last( ). Related terms: alias; computed field; query |
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Alias
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An alternate name. In a query, an alias is a name given to |
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a database table, column, or computed field. For example, in the following code, sumsalary is an alias. queryCTY.setFields("city, Sum(salary) as sumsalary"); Related terms: column; computed field; query; table |
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Applet |
An applet is a small application written in Java that runs |
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in a Web browser. Typically, applets are called by Web pages to provide special functionality. For example, an applet might display a dynamic stock price graph that is updated every fifteen minutes in the upper corner of a Web page. Related term: Web
page |
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Application
Protocol
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A predefined sequence of bits and bytes or messages communicated between application entities in the ISO model. |
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Application
Queue
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A stable storage area in a queue base used for queued communications. | |
Application
Programming
Interface
(API)
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Definition of the calling formats to a set of procedures that perform a set of related tasks. | |
Asynchronous
Communications
|
Communications in which the requester does not wait for the response but will poll for it at a later time. | |
Atomicity
|
The "all-or-nothing" property of a transaction. This property | |
ensures that ALL of the transactional-aware resources participating in the transaction either make any updates permanent at the end of a transaction or roll them back to their state at the beginning of the transaction. | ||
AUTOTRAN
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A configured option such that a service will automatically | |
be started in transaction mode if the incoming request is not in transaction mode. |
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B |
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Backup
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A redundant component (computer, server, etc.) that | |
takes over the work of the primary during a failure situation to provide high availability. | ||
Base
Class
|
A class from which another class is derived. For example, | |
AppLogic is a base class from which you can derive an AppLogic. The term "base class" is often used as a short form of "abstract base class," which is a class that is meant to be used only as a superclass, not to be instantiated directly. Related terms: class; subclass |
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Batch-oriented
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An application characterized by queued communications | |
(contrast with online access). | ||
Binary Large Object (BLOB)
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A large block of bits that can be stored in a database. A BLOB is useful for storing any large piece of data, such | |
as pictures or sounds, that do not need to be interpreted by the database. | ||
Birth Time
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A future time, specified in either absolute or relative terms, | |
before which a message enqueued in an application queue cannot be dequeued. |
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Blocking Condition
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A condition in an application where a module is waiting for something to happen, such as sending a request or |
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receiving a reply. |
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A set of rules that describe how a company operates. For |
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example, business logic might dictate that only employees of a certain management level can place purchase orders above a given dollar amount. The code in an application can perform tests to ensure that business logic is not violated when the application is used. | ||
Business Objects
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The essential items of a business around which an application’s service routines should be designed to | |
manipulate them. |
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C |
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Cache
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See result cache. | |
CARRAY
|
A typed buffer format in which the data is an array of | |
uninterpreted bytes; it always requires an associated length value. | ||
Cell Tag
|
A type of GX markup tag which displays a dynamic data | |
value. Related term: GX markup tag |
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Child Query
|
A flat query that represents an inner level of data in a | |
hierarchical query. Each child query is nested relative to another flat query, which is its parent query. Every flat query in a hierarchical query is a child query, except the outermost. Related terms: hierarchical query, query |
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Class
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A named set of methods and member variables that |
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defines the characteristics of a particular type of object. The class defines what types of data and behavior are possible for this type of object. Related terms: member, method, object |
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Client
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A software module that gathers and presents data to an |
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application; it generates requests for services and receives replies. This term can also be used to indicate the requesting role that a software module assumes by either a client or server process. |
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Client Name |
The name supplied by the application client when joining |
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the application, used for identifying and notifying a client. |
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Client Identifier
|
The identifier assigned to a client when joining the |
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application. | ||
Client/Server
|
A means of distributing applications into cooperating |
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software modules, some of which are called clients and others servers. Clients request work of servers. |
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Commit
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To terminate a transaction, making changes to the | |
associated resources permanent. |
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Common Object Request Broker
Architecture
(CORBA)
|
The specification of an Object Request Broker (ORB) and associated software by the Object Management Group (OMG). | |
Component
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Part of an application. | |
Computed Field
|
A field in a query that displays the result of an expression |
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rather than stored data. The database engine recalculates the value each time it runs the query. Related terms: aggregate expression, field, query |
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Connection
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A communication link with a |
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database or other data source. AppLogics can create and manipulate several database connections simultaneously to access data. Each database connection is represented by a database connection object, which is an instance of the IDataConn interface. Related term: object |
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Constructor
|
A method that instantiates a class. | |
Related terms: class, instantiation, object |
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Conversation
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A communications paradigm involving a dialogue between |
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the initiator and another module, consisting of multiple interactions with implied or explicit state or context. |
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Conversational Service |
A service offered by a server that can be used with the conversational paradigm. | |
Cookie
|
A variable that your application can send to a Web |
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browser to be stored there for a specified length of time. Each time a Web browser views an HTML page in your application, the cookies from that browser are sent to the application. Cookies are domain-specific and can take advantage of the same Web server security features as other data interchange between your application and the server. Thus, cookies are useful for privately exchanging data between your application and the Web browser. Related term: Web browser |
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Custom Typed Buffer
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An application-provided message format, with an associated type and subtype, that has been configured |
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by the administrator. |
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D |
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Daemon
|
A process that runs and does processing in the |
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background. | ||
Data Independence
|
The ability to access and update data without knowing the underlying storage format or offset. |
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Data Translation
|
The conversion of data for transfer between machines of | |
different types. | ||
Delete Query
|
A statement that specifies which data to delete from a | |
database. | ||
Distributed Computing
|
A collection of computers linked together. Such systems can exist on a local area network (LAN), wide area |
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network (WAN), or on the Internet. Distributed systems make several types of advanced computing systems possible, including client/server, multi-tier, and partitioned applications. |
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Domain
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An autonomously administered application; particularly | |
used in a situation where multiple applications intercommunicate. | ||
Dynamically Loadable Module
(DLM)
|
A binary executable file that can be loaded while an application is running. In Windows NT or Win95 systems, DLM is another name for a Dynamic-Link Library (DLL). In | |
UNIX systems, DLMs are implemented as ELF shared libraries. |
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E |
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The Enterprise JavaBeans API defines a server component model that provides portability across application servers and implements automatic services on behalf of the application components. |
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Event
|
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Named actions that you register with the Netscape |
Application Server. The event occurs either when a timer expires or when the event is called from application code at runtime. Typical uses for events include periodic backups, reconciling accounts at the end of the business day, or sending alert messages. |
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Executable
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A program that can be run on an operating system. |
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F |
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Field
|
The smallest identifiable part of a table in a database. A |
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field is the intersection of a row and a column. A unit of data in a result set. Each field in a result set has a name, which corresponds to either a database column or an expression. Each field contains a single data value. Related terms: column, result set, table |
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Field Identifier
|
A numeric identifier associated with a data value in an |
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FML buffer. |
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Field Manipulation Language
(FML)
|
Generically, an interface for maintaining buffers with field/value pairs; specifically, the 16-bit version of this interface (contrast with FML32) |
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Field Table
|
a mapping between FML, field identifiers and field names. |
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Flat Query
|
A query that produces a result set that is not divided into |
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levels or groups. The result set of a flat query is like a table. Related terms: query, result set |
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G |
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Group
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A set of rows in a result set that have one or more field |
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values in common. For example, in a sales report, a group consists of all the orders placed by one customer. Related terms: field, result set |
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Grouped Report
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A report that shows records in logical groups, such as |
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sales grouped by geographic region, and can show summary data for each group. Related terms: group, hierarchical query,
report |
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Globally Unique Identifier
(GUID)
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A unique number that identifies an AppLogic object and is used to request Netscape Application Server to run that |
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AppLogic object. Related term: AppLogic object |
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GXML Template |
A definition for a dynamically-generated set of output |
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data. Data retrieved from a database or other data source at runtime is sent back to the client in a self- describing stream of output. Related term: GX markup tag, HTML template |
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GX Markup Tag
|
A special type of syntax used in templates to indicate |
|
where dynamic data is to be merged with the template. For example, the following GX markup tag inserts the name of a continent. %gx type=cell id=CONTINENT.NAME%%/gx% Related terms: GXML template, HTML template |
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H |
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Handle
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In ATMI, a token returned to the application for further | |
reference to an asynchronous request/response call or a conversational call. |
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Hierarchical Query
|
A query that combines several flat queries to construct a result set with multiple nested levels of data. |
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Related terms: child query, parent query, query |
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Hypertext
Markup Language (HTML)
|
The coding language used to create documents that can be displayed by Web browsers. Each block of text is surrounded by codes that indicate the nature of the text, such as heading, body paragraph, or list item. |
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Additional codes are used to create hyperlinks and call applets or AppLogic objects. HTML codes are surrounded by angle brackets < >. Related terms: AppLogic object, hyperlink, Web browser |
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HTML Template
|
A definition for a dynamically-generated HTML page. |
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AppLogic uses HTML templates to present dynamic data. Data retrieved from a database, or otherwise generated dynamically, is merged with the template to create a database report or other type of HTML page, which is displayed to the user. HTML templates are similar to HTML pages, but they also include special GX markup tags which specify how dynamic data is merged with the page. Related terms: AppLogic object, GX markup tag, HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), Template Designer |
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Hypertext Transport Protocol
(HTTP)
|
The protocol for communicating hypertext documents across the Internet and the World Wide Web. HTTP provides a structure for communication between HTTP | |
clients and HTTP servers. Related terms: client, server, World Wide Web |
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I |
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Inheritance
|
A mechanism in which a subclass automatically includes |
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the method and variable definitions of its superclass. A programmer can change or add to the inherited characteristics of a subclass without affecting the superclass. Related terms: class, subclass, superclass |
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Insert Query
|
A statement that specifies which data to add to a |
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database. |
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Instance
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An object that is based on a particular class. Each | |
instance of the class is a distinct object, with its own variable values and state. However, all instances of a class share the variable and method definitions specified in that class. Related terms: class, instantiation, object |
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Instantiation
|
The process of allocating an object to memory at runtime. |
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Related terms: class, instance, object |
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Interface
|
An interface is a description of the services provided by | |
an object. An interface defines a set of functions, called methods. The interface includes no implementation code. An interface, like a class, defines the characteristics of a particular type of object. However, unlike a class, an interface is always abstract. A class can be instantiated to form an object, but an interface can not be instantiated. Related terms: member, method, object |
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Interface Definition
Language (IDL)
|
The language used to describe data types and functions used for Remote Procedure Calls. |
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Interprocess Communication
|
The mechanisms by which modules in separate address spaces communicate within a computer – typically | |
includes shared memory, semaphores, and message queues. |
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J |
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![]() |
The Java Interface Definition Language API creates remote interfaces to support CORBA communication in the Java Platform. Java IDL includes an IDL compiler and a lightweight, replaceable ORB that supports IIOP. |
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The Java Naming and Directory Interfaces API provides access to naming and directory services, such as DNS, NDS, NIS+, LDAP, and COS Naming. |
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![]() |
The Java Messaging Service API supports asynchronous communications through various messaging systems, such as reliable queuing and publish-and-subscribe services. |
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![]() |
The Java Transaction API provides a transaction demarcation API. |
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![]() |
The Java Transaction Services API defines a distributed transaction management service based on CORBA Object Transaction Service. |
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The JDBC Database Access API provides uniform access to relational databases, such as DB2, Informix, Oracle, SQL Server, and Sybase. |
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L |
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Load Balancing
|
A technique for distributing the user load evenly among |
|
identical AppLogic objects distributed across several computers running Netscape Application Server. Related term: request |
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Local
Transaction
|
A transaction that is active in a single resource manager. |
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Lock
|
A data structure used to control access to data items by |
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a resource manager. |
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M |
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Member
|
Variable or method declared in a class is a member of |
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that class. Related terms: class, method |
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Member Variable
|
A variable with the following characteristics: |
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Related terms: class, member, object |
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Message
|
Data exchanged between communicating executables. |
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Method
|
A function with the following characteristics: |
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Related terms: class, interface, member, object |
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Multicast
|
A technique that allows a single packet to be passed to a | |
selected subset of all possible destinations. Some hardware (e.g., Ethernet) supports multicast by allowing a network interface to belong to one or more multicast groups. Broadcast is a special form of multicast in which the entire subset of destinations will receive the packet sent via the multicast broadcast. |
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N |
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Netscape
Application Server Foundation Class Library
|
A set of interfaces and classes provided by Netscape Communications Corporation that can be used to develop object-oriented Netscape Application Server applications. The classes in the Netscape Application Server Foundation Class Library define many types of objects | |
you can include in Netscape Application Server applications, such as AppLogic objects, data connections, queries, and result sets. Related terms: AppLogic object, class, connection, object, query, result set |
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O |
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Object
|
A programmed entity with the following characteristics: | |
Many parts of a Netscape Application Server application, such as AppLogic objects, queries, and result sets, are objects. Related terms: AppLogic object, class, instantiation, query, result set , |
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Object Reference
|
A data structure that identifies an object to be manipulated. | |
Object Request Broker (ORB)
|
a specification of OMG for a system which enables objects to communicate. |
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Object Transaction Service
(OTS)
|
The specification of transaction interfaces for an Object Request Broker (ORB) by the Object Management Group (OMG) | |
Open Database Connectivity
(ODBC)
|
A standard protocol used by many database vendors to provide an interface to outside applications. Netscape Application Server applications can interact with | |
databases that comply with ODBC 1.0 and 2.0. |
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Override
|
To write new code that replaces the default code of an |
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inherited method. Related terms: default, inheritance, method |
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P |
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Parameter
|
The data passed between methods, AppLogic objects, |
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and other program code. A placeholder for dynamic data that is passed into a prepared database command at runtime. Related terms: AppLogic object, method, prepared command |
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Parent Query
|
A flat query that represents an outer level of data in a |
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hierarchical query. Each parent query is nested outside another flat query, which is its child query. Every flat query in a hierarchical query is a parent query, except the innermost. Related terms: hierarchical query, query |
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Prepared Command
|
Database command (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, or query) that is precompiled to make repeated execution |
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more efficient. Prepared commands can contain parameters. Related terms: parameter |
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Prepare to Commit
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Notify all participants in a transaction that they should get ready to complete the transaction; normally, this involves | |
writing updates to stable storage. |
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Priority
|
Processing of messages based on an urgency factor |
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assigned by the application. |
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Protected Mode
|
The mode in which an application client or server operates | |
so that it detaches from the Bulletin Board when not in one ATMI routines. |
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Q |
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Query
|
A statement that specifies which data to retrieve from a |
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database. Typically, the results of a query are displayed in a report. Related terms: delete query, hierarchical query, report, result set, select query, Query Designer, update query |
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Query File
|
A query file is a file that contains the specification for a |
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flat or hierarchical query. Query files are useful for running legacy SQL SELECT statements. You can also use query files to write new queries. Related terms: flat query, hierarchical query, SQL (Structured Query
Language) |
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Queue
|
A memory data structure to hold messages for |
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processing. |
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R |
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Registration
|
The process of informing Netscape Application Server of |
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the existence of an AppLogic object, code module, or security information. Related terms: AppLogic object, GUID (Globally Unique Identifier) |
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Remote Procedure Call
(RPC)
|
A procedure call that is executed in a nonlocal program or address space. | |
Replace Tag
|
A type of GX markup tag which substitutes a dynamic |
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data value for a specified string. Related term: GX markup tag |
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Reply Buffer
|
A typed buffer containing a response for a request. | |
Report
|
A formatted presentation of data. In a Netscape |
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Application Server application, a report is an HTML page presented to the user in response to a request for information. AppLogic objects create reports by combining hierarchical result sets and HTML templates. Related terms: AppLogic object, hierarchical query, HTML template |
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Request
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A message from a client to a server, asking for data or |
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another service. For example, a Web browser requests a Web page from a server. In a Netscape Application Server application, a request is a message that causes an AppLogic object to run on the Netscape Application Server. A request uses a unique name or Globally Unique Identifier (GUID) to identify the proper AppLogic object to handle the request. The request can include parameters to be passed to the AppLogic object. Requests can come from clients, AppLogic objects, or other code. Related terms: client, GUID (Globally Unique Identifier), parameter, server, Web browser |
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Request Buffer
|
A typed buffer containing a request for a service from a |
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client or server. |
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Resource Manager (RM)
|
A module or collection of modules, the most common of which are databases, that maintain the state of the |
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application. | ||
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The Remote Method Invocation API creates remote interfaces for distributed computing on the Java platform. |
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Result Set
|
A set of data records returned by a query. A record is a |
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set of fields. Each field in the record has a name, which corresponds to either a database column or an expression, and each field contains a single data value. Related terms: aggregate expression, query |
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Rollback
|
Terminate a transaction such that all resources updated |
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within a transaction revert to the original state before the transaction started. |
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Rollback-only
|
An indication by a software module which is participating |
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in a transaction that the transaction must not be committed. | ||
Row
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A record in a database table. Each row is made up of |
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several columns. Related terms: column, table |
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S |
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Select Query
|
A statement that specifies which data to retrieve from a |
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database, as specified by your data model. |
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Self-describing Buffer
|
A data buffer that contains a description of its own format and contents; a message format in which the data |
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type(s) and length(s) are known or can be determined without additional external information. |
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Sequence
|
A sequential number generator which exists in a |
|
database. Some database vendors refer to a sequence as a serial, identity, or autoincrement. A sequence is useful for generating transaction-safe numbers for database transaction applications. | ||
Server
|
A computer or software package that provides a specific |
|
kind of service to client software running on other computers. A server is designed to communicate with a specific type of client software. Related terms: client, online application server, Web server |
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Server Stub
|
A module generated by IDL compiler on the server side |
|
for use with TxRPC; these routines unpack the input data, call the associated routine, and handle the returned data. | ||
Service
|
The name given to an application routine available for |
|
request by a client in the system with well-defined inputs, outputs, and processing. |
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Service Request Broker (SRB)
|
A system that enables software modules to communicate via service requests. |
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Session
|
A continuous series of interactions between a user and |
|
a Netscape Application Server application. The term session is widely used to refer to a Web browser session, but in this manual, the term session refers more specifically to a series of user interactions that are tracked by a Netscape Application Server application. The user's session with a Web browser or other client software might start before Netscape Application Server application begins tracking the user, and could continue after the application stops tracking the user. |
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Structured Query Language
(SQL)
|
A language commonly used in relational database applications. In a Netscape Application Server application, you can specify SQL SELECT, INSERT, |
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UPDATE, and DELETE commands. Related term: query |
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Standard Query
|
A query that produces a result set that is not divided into |
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levels or groups. The result set of a standard query is like a table. Related terms: query, result set |
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State
|
A distributed data storage mechanism which you can |
|
use to store the state of an application. The application state is a collection of application variables whose scope is global within the application. Information in the state layer can be organized in a hierarchical structure, or tree. Related term: session |
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Servlets and JSPs
|
The Java servlets and JavaServer Pages APIs support dynamic HTML generation and session management for browser clients. |
|
Stored Procedure
|
A block of statements written in SQL or programmatic SQL and stored in a database. You can use stored | |
procedures to perform any type of database operation, such as modifying, inserting, or deleting records. The use of stored procedures improves database performance by reducing the amount of information that is sent over a network. |
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Streaming
|
A technique for managing how data is communicated via |
|
HTTP. When results are streamed, the first portion of the data is available for use immediately. When results are not streamed, the whole result must be received before any part of it can be used. Streaming provides a way to allow large amounts of data to be returned in a more useful way, increasing the perceived performance of the application. Related term: HTTP (Hypertext Transport Protocol) |
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Subclass
|
A class that is derived from and is a special case of | |
another class, called a base class or superclass. For example, the AppLogic class defines the generic characteristics of an AppLogic object. To define a new AppLogic object, a programmer derives a subclass from Agent and gives the new class a unique name. The new class inherits all its characteristics from the superclass. A subclass can be modified without affecting its superclass. Related terms: class, superclass |
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Superclass
|
A class from which another class, called a subclass, is derived. Related terms: base class, class, inheritance, subclass |
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Synchronous
Communications
|
Communications in which the requester waits for a reply. | |
System Administrator
|
The person who is responsible for installing and maintaining Netscape Application Server software and | |
for deploying production Netscape Application Server applications. |
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T |
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Tabular Report
|
A report, sometimes called a listing, that prints all the | |
records retrieved from the database. Related terms: GX markup tag, report |
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Template
|
See GXML template or HTML template. | |
Template Map
|
An object that maps fields in a template to the data |
|
used to replace those fields. With a template map, you can assign values to special placeholders that will be evaluated at runtime. You can also use a template map to link column names in a table to field names that you have used in a template. A template map allows your application to use the same template file with data from different data sources. Related terms: HTML template |
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Timeout
|
An event that occurs when processing takes longer than |
|
expected or configured. Timeouts can occur either when blocking for an operation or when a transaction takes longer than specified by the application. |
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Transaction
|
A set of database commands that succeed or fail as a | |
group. All the commands involved must succeed for the entire transaction to be correct. |
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Transaction Log
|
A stable storage area where the completion of global | |
transactions are logged. |
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Transaction Manager or
Monitor
|
Software that manages global transactions across multiple computers and resource managers. |
|
Transport-Level Interface
|
A standard operating system interface to networking services. |
|
Trigger
|
A stored block of SQL or PL/SQL statements | |
that is associated with a table, runs in response to an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE operation, and runs only under certain specified conditions. |
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Two-phase Commit
|
Algorithm to ensure the atomicity of a committing transaction. | |
Two-way Alternate
|
A form of conversational communication where either party can send a message but only one party at a |
|
time is permitted to do so. |
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Type
|
The name of a data format for a typed buffer. |
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U |
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Uniform Resource Locator
(URL)
|
An address that uniquely identifies an HTML page or other resource. Web browsers use URLs to specify which pages to display. |
|
In a Netscape Application Server application, HTML templates can use URLs to call AppLogic objects. Related terms: AppLogic object, HTML template, Web browser |
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Update Query |
A statement that specifies which data to modify within a | |
database. |
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V |
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Variable
|
A named storage location for data that can be modified |
|
while a program is running. Each variable has a unique name that identifies it within its scope. Each variable can contain a certain type of data. |
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W |
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Web
|
See World Wide Web. | |
Web Application
|
A computer program that uses the World Wide Web for | |
connectivity and user interface purposes. A user connects to and runs a Web application by using a Web browser on any platform. The user interface of the application is the HTML pages displayed by the browser. The application itself runs on a server, which is connected to the browser via the World Wide Web. Related terms: server, Web browser |
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Web Browser
|
Software that is used to view resources on the World | |
Wide Web, such as Web pages coded in HTML. Related terms: HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), World Wide Web |
||
Web Server
|
A computer that stores and manages HTML pages and | |
Web applications. The Web server responds to user requests from Web browsers. Related terms: HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), user, Web browser,
Web application |
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Wizard
|
A code generator that provides a framework for creating |
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the most commonly used types of application development components (for example, AppLogics, HTML pages and templates, and queries). |
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World Wide Web |
A network of many computers linked together by their ability to understand the Hypertext Transfer Protocol | |
(HTTP). Two types of computers make up the Web: clients and servers. Clients are computers with Web browsers installed on them. Servers are computers that store and manage the information requested by the clients. Related terms: Web browser, Web server |