7 Using a TransactionProvider

Types of Transaction Objects

The OLAP Java API has the following two types of Transaction objects:

• A read Transaction. Initially, the current Transaction is a read Transaction. A read Transaction is required for creating a Cursor to fetch data from Oracle OLAP. For more information on Cursor objects, see Chapter 9.

• A write Transaction. A write Transaction is required for creating a derived Source or for changing the state of a Template. For more information on creating a derived Source, see Chapter 5. For information on Template objects, see Chapter 10.

In the initial read Transaction, if you create a derived Source or if you change the state of a Template object, then a child write Transaction is automatically generated. That child Transaction becomes the current Transaction.

If you then create another derived Source or change the Template state again, then that operation occurs in the same write Transaction. You can create any number of derived Source objects, or make any number of Template state changes, in that same write Transaction. You can use those Source objects, or the Source produced by the Template, to define a complex query.

Before you can create a Cursor to fetch the result set specified by a derived Source, you must move the Source from the child write Transaction into the parent read Transaction. To do so, you commit the Transaction.

Committing a Transaction

To move a Source that you created in a child Transaction into the parent read Transaction, call the commitCurrentTransaction method of the TransactionProvider. When you commit a child write Transaction, a Source you created in the child Transaction moves into the parent read Transaction. The child Transaction disappears and the parent Transaction becomes the current Transaction. The Source is active in the current read Transaction and you can therefore create a Cursor for it.

In Example 7-1, commit() is a method that commits the current Transaction. In the example, dp is the DataProvider.

private void commit()
{
  try 
  {
    (dp.getTransactionProvider()).commitCurrentTransaction();
  } 
  catch (Exception ex) 
  {
    System.out.println("Could not commit the Transaction. " + ex);
  } 
}

About Transaction and Template Objects

Getting and setting the current Transaction, beginning a child Transaction, and rolling back a Transaction are operations that you use to allow an end user to make different selections starting from a given state of a dynamic query.

To present the end user with alternatives based on the same initial query, you do the following:

1. Create a Template in a parent Transaction and set the initial state for the Template.

2. Get the Source produced by the Template, create a Cursor to retrieve the result set, get the values from the Cursor, and then display the results to the end user.

3. Begin a child Transaction and modify the state of the Template.

4. Get the Source produced by the Template in the child Transaction, create a Cursor, get the values, and display them.

You can then replace the first Template state with the second one or discard the second one and retain the first.

Beginning a Child Transaction

To begin a child read Transaction, call the beginSubtransaction method of the TransactionProvider you are using. In the child read Transaction, if you change the state of a Template, then a child write Transaction begins automatically. The write Transaction is a child of the child read Transaction.

To get the data specified by the Source produced by the Template, you commit the write Transaction into the parent read Transaction. You can then create a Cursor to fetch the data. The changed state of the Template is not visible in the original parent. The changed state does not become visible in the parent until you commit the child read Transaction into the parent read Transaction.

After beginning a child read Transaction, you can begin a child read Transaction of that child, or a grandchild of the initial parent Transaction. For an example of creating child and grandchild Transaction objects, see Example 7-3.

About Rolling Back a Transaction

You roll back, or undo, a Transaction by calling the rollbackCurrentTransaction method of the TransactionProvider you are using. Rolling back a Transaction discards any changes that you made during that Transaction and makes the Transaction disappear.

Before rolling back a Transaction, you must close any CursorManager objects you created in that Transaction. After rolling back a Transaction, any Source objects that you created or Template state changes that you made in the Transaction are no longer valid. Any Cursor objects you created for those Source objects are also invalid.

Once you roll back a Transaction, you cannot commit that Transaction. Likewise, once you commit a Transaction, you cannot roll it back.

// The current Transaction is a read Transaction, t1.
// Create a TopBottomTemplate using a hierarchy of the Product dimension
// as the base and dp as the DataProvider.
TopBottomTemplate topNBottom = new TopBottomTemplate(prodHier, dp);

// Changing the state of a Template requires a write Transaction, so a
// write child Transaction, t2, is automatically started.
topNBottom.setTopBottomType(TopBottomTemplate.TOP_BOTTOM_TYPE_TOP);
topNBottom.setN(10);
topNBottom.setCriterion(singleSelections.getSource());

// Get the TransactionProvider and commit the Transaction t2.
TransactionProvider tp = dp.getTransactionProvider();
try
{
  tp.commitCurrentTransaction();           // t2 disappears
}
catch(Exception e)
{
  println("Cannot commit the Transaction. " + e);
}

// The current Transaction is now t1.
// Get the dynamic Source produced by the TopBottomTemplate.
Source result = topNBottom.getSource();

// Create a Cursor and display the results
println("\nThe current state of the TopBottomTemplate" +
        "\nproduces the following values:\n");
getContext().displayTopBottomResult(result);

// Start a child Transaction, t3. It is a read Transaction.
tp.beginSubtransaction();          // t3 is the current Transaction

// Change the state of topNBottom. Changing the state requires a 
// write Transaction so Transaction t4 starts automatically.
topNBottom.setTopBottomType(TopBottomTemplate.TOP_BOTTOM_TYPE_BOTTOM);
topNBottom.setN(15);

// Commit the Transaction.
try
{
  tp.commitCurrentTransaction();           // t4 disappears
}
catch(Exception e)
{
  println("Cannot commit the Transaction. " + e);
}

// Create a Cursor and display the results. // t3 is the current Transaction
println("\nIn the child Transaction, the state of the" +
        "\nTopBottomTemplate produces the following values:\n");
getContext().displayTopBottomResult(result);
// The displayTopBottomResult method closes the CursorManager for the
// Cursor created in t3.

// Undo t3, which discards the state of topNBottom that was set in t4.
tp.rollbackCurrentTransaction();        // t3 disappears

// Transaction t1 is now the current Transaction and the state of
// topNBottom is the one defined in t2.

// To show the current state of the TopNBottom template Source, commit
// the Transaction, create a Cursor, and display the Cursor values.
try
{
  tp.commitCurrentTransaction();
}
catch(Exception e)
{
  println("Cannot commit the Transaction. " + e);
}

println("\nAfter rolling back the child Transaction, the state of"
        + "\nthe TopBottomTemplate produces the following values:\n");
getContext().displayTopBottomResult(result);

Example 7-2 produces the following output.

The current state of the TopBottomTemplate
produces the following values:
 
 1. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::TOTAL_PRODUCT::TOTAL
 2. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::CLASS::SFT
 3. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::FAMILY::ACC
 4. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::CLASS::HRD
 5. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::FAMILY::MOD
 6. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::FAMILY::OS
 7. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::FAMILY::DISK
 8. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::MOUSE PAD
 9. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::OS 1 USER
10. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::DLX MOUSE
 
In the child Transaction, the state of the
TopBottomTemplate produces the following values:
 
 1. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::EXT CD ROM
 2. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::OS DOC ITA
 3. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::OS DOC SPA
 4. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::INT CD USB
 5. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::ENVY EXT KBD
 6. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::19 SVGA
 7. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::OS DOC FRE
 8. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::OS DOC GER
 9. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::ENVY ABM
10. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::INT CD ROM
11. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::ENVY EXE
12. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::OS DOC KAN
13. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::ENVY STD
14. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::1GB USB DRV
15. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::SENT MM
 
After rolling back the child Transaction, the state of
the TopBottomTemplate produces the following values:
 
 1. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::TOTAL_PRODUCT::TOTAL
 2. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::CLASS::SFT
 3. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::FAMILY::ACC
 4. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::CLASS::HRD
 5. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::FAMILY::MOD
 6. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::FAMILY::OS
 7. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::FAMILY::DISK
 8. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::MOUSE PAD
 9. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::OS 1 USER
10. PRODUCT_PRIMARY::ITEM::DLX MOUSE

Getting and Setting the Current Transaction

You get the current Transaction by calling the getCurrentTransaction method of the TransactionProvider you are using, as in the following example.

Transaction t1 = tp.getCurrentTransaction();

To make a previously saved Transaction the current Transaction, you call the setCurrentTransaction method of the TransactionProvider, as in the following example.

tp.setCurrentTransaction(t1);